Round Spermatid Injection (ROSI)
Round Spermatid Injection (ROSI) The sperm develops, during spermatogenesis, from spermatogonia to spermatocytes, and then to round spermatids. The round spermatids elongate, develop a tail and become mature sperm cells. It is these mature, fully formed sperm cells which are traditionally able to fertilize an egg, whether naturally or through ICSI-IVF. However, more recently there […]
CFTR mutations
In the male reproductive system, the vas deferens act as a canal transports the sperm towards the penis during ejaculation. Congenital Bilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens (CBAVD) is a condition where the vas deferens are missing, thereby blocking the sperm from ever reaching the semen. The sperm are produced but unable to reach their […]
Klinefelter’s
The genetic material which determines human characteristics, such as eye color, height, etc, is carried in sets of what are known as chromosomes. Normally, humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 1 set of sex chromosomes (which determine sex). In females, the sex chromosomes consist of two X chromosomes, while males have one X and […]
Kallman Syndrome
Kallman Syndrome Kallman Syndrome (KS) is a condition normally marked by small testes together with no spontaneous puberty, as well as problems with the sense of smell. It is estimated to occur in 1 in 8000 males and 1 in 40000 females and is often passed down from one’s parents. The syndrome occurs […]
Analysis of Testicular Biopsy
Non-obstructive azoospermia is diagnosed in cases where no sperm cells can be found in the ejaculate, yet no evidence of a blockage can be seen. These cases are very challenging, as it is difficult to define the cause of infertility and recommend the next steps. Sometimes, an analysis of a sample of testicular tissue […]
Viability Test
Motility and Viability Of the parameters measured in a semen analysis are normal sperm motility and the percentage of moving sperm cells. Normal sperm motility can be evaluated based on the type of movement exhibited by the individual sperm cells. The main factor considered is progressive motility; if the sperm are able to move directly […]
Ultrasound
Ultrasound technology is an important part of the diagnostic process when evaluating the cause of male infertility. Ultrasounds is a risk-free test that uses sound waves in order to create images of the inside of the body and does not include any form of radiation. Scrotal Ultrasound Scrotal ultrasound is used to visualize the […]
Semen Hyperviscosity
One of the parameters measures in a standard semen analysis is viscosity, or the thickness/stickiness of the ejacualate and its ability to flow. Under normal conditions, a semen sample, which is initially quite viscous, will liquefy within 15 minutes of ejaculation. Semen hyperviscosity (SHV) is a condition, found in 12-29% of samples, where liquefaction […]
Collection Condom
While the recommended method of semen collection is masturbation, using a collection condom is another acceptable method. Using a collection condom allows a couple to collect the sample during intercourse, at home. The used condom is removed following ejaculation, closed with a twist tie, and brought to the laboratory. This method provides a sterile and […]
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis, the creation of mature sperm cells, takes place in the male testis from the start of puberty and continuing throughout life. Stem cells are cells that are capable of becoming any other type of cell in the body. Some of these stem cells are found in the testis, specifically in the seminiferous tubules, and […]