Azoospermia can in fact be treated. The treatment options and success rates depend on the type of azoospermia the patient has been diagnosed with: obstructive azoospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia. Therefore, the first step should be to diagnose the type of azoospermia (See how do you confirm azoospermia). The procedures for treating each type of azoospermia are distinct. If causes such as varicoceles or vasectomy have been ruled out, advanced sperm searches will first be used. In sperm searches samples are sperm is carefully examined under a microscope to find and isolate the small numbers of viable sperm cells that can still exist in a patient’s sperm sample. Then, if these searches have failed to recover any sperm cells, surgery will be used. In the different kinds of surgeries (e.g. TESE, Micro-TESE), surgeons try to remove tissue from the testicles that could contain sperm cells. These tissue samples are then examined by embryologists in a lab for sperm cells.
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